Saturday, August 31, 2019

Interpersonal Essay

In this new school year, I come to the HKBU College of international education for studying. I find my first new friend in here, a girl who called Evelyn. And my topic of this reflective paper is about the relationship between my new friend Evelyn and me. I met Evelyn on 17th September, my first school day in CIE. I remembered that was Evelyn says hi to me first and she sit next to me. This situation really applies the self-fulfilling prophecy I learnt in my IPC lesson. It is because I have asked Evelyn that why she would chose to say hi to me but not the others. She answers that it is because she predicts me is friendly at first. Then she acted as if I was a friendly person. As she acts toward me, I become comfortable and friendly. At the end, she observes my friendliness, and this reinforces her belief that I am in fact friendly. In the result, we really become friend. Also, I think our relationship is dyadic consciousness. It means that we are two persons think of ourselves as pair. Our relationship becomes more involved, individuals sacrifice our own desires for the well-being of the relationship. For example, Evelyn can give up her time to help me do the photocopy and she is willing to share her notes with me. Our relationship really not developed on the benefit or goal. This new relationship between Evelyn and me can also apply the Johari Window Model. In these past few months, I found that my open self which is known to Evelyn become larger and larger. At the very beginning, she only knows what my name is and where I live, or how many family members I have. And now, Evelyn already knows that which my favourite music group is. Also know that I hate chocolate but love mango. Moreover, she knows that I am good at Chinese Dance and I am a rowing club member. Evelyn can also find the blind self of me. It is I am really good at giving comfort to my friends and I will tell many principle of life to friends. Besides of the above, Evelyn and I have really different personalities. She always tell me that my acting really like a mother or elder sister. It is because I will help her solve the problems, remind her which things she need to do. Therefore, I think it can apply the parent self on me and apply the child self on Evelyn. I always give the direct responses to Evelyn and sometimes I will be critical. However, we can have a complementary transaction through our communication. Evelyn will seek help from me, and then I will help her solve it or give some suggestions. Both of us are satisfied. In our every conversation, the nonverbal communication is always applied on it. We will use the emblems such as the sign. And the S-O-F-T-E-N formula is always applied in our communication too. I will come to school with Evelyn every Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday. We set the meeting place at Tai Wai Station. Every time when Evelyn saw me, she gave me a big smile first. Then I will see her run to me from far away. When we start our topic, Evelyn always show her interest to listen and she always look at my eyes. And sometimes she will nod her head. It really makes me feel that she is listening to me and it will not make her feel bored. To me, Evelyn is a really good listener. All the thing she will do is listening but not hearing. We will use the Whatspp or phone call to communicate when we are not staying together. If she has something want to tell me, she will give me a feedforward message first. Most of the time she will send a message to me like â€Å"Kata, I have some interesting thing want to tell you. I will tell you on the train at tomorrow.† Actually the things she wants to tell me are not really important or serious. Maybe she will just tell me that she saw a handsome guy on the street yesterday, she always love to give a feedforward message to me first. During the communication, we can both get the feedback from the others and we will share our opinions. However, the interpersonal communication concept I can mostly applied in our communication is the Gender Communication. It is because our range of talking topic is really large. I remembered that there is a day I go shopping with Evelyn and a friend who is a boy. The topics we talked are jumping and jumping. We discuss at the clothes first, and then when I saw the yogurt, we change the topic to food suddenly. If I have a phone call, I still can listen to Evelyn then catch up the conversation after I finished the call. It really shows that women are multitrack, we can talk about several subjects at the same time. But our boy friend becomes confused from our conversation. Therefore, he will let us keep our talking continue. If he has any question from our conversation, he will ask us. Up to now, I think the relationship between Evelyn and me is developed quite well. Everything is good, at least we still not yet have conflict. And I will find some method to prevent the conflict happen in the future. I will have both empathic, objective and active listening from every conversation with Evelyn. Keep using the S-O-F-T-E-N formula with my friend every day. Also, I will try my best to apply more Adult self but not the Parent self. I will keep my Parent and Child under control. It is because we are symmetrical relationship. I wish we can be more factual, gather information, analytical and reasoning, objective and look for practical solutions. We should have more thinking and behave calm. Therefore, our relationship can be better and keep longer.

Friday, August 30, 2019

Strory of Tom Brennan

‘Moving into the world involves different pathways to new experiences’ could be interpreted in many different ways. In The Story of Tom Brennan by JC Burke, Tom experiences different emotions and situations as he attempts to move into the world when his brother Daniel is involved in a tragic car accident. The image by Image Zoo also shows four different pathways leading into the one tree with branches that lead up into the sky. This picture shows the tree of life and how people can take different paths to experiences. I Measure Every Greif I Meet is a poem by Emily Dickinson that shows the strength a person needs to overcome grief in their lives. The strength comes within the individual and their surroundings. All three of these texts show that moving into the world involves different pathways to new experiences shown through different circumstances, problems and views. The image by Image Zoo reflects the idea that moving into the world involves different pathways. This image uses the rule of thirds and symbolism to bring attention to the four different pathways to the centre tree trunk. The rule of thirds draws central focus to the light coming from the tree. This light symbolises the light that is present through different pathways and journeys. Light symbolises the hope, possibilities that come with moving into the world. Even though each pathway comes to the same centre of light, it branches upwards into different pathways shown at the top of the tree trunk. The tree symbolises the â€Å"Tree of life† as the tree that brings possibility to the world, it gives life and experiences to everyone. This brings to the main point that moving into the world, shown metaphorically as the tree through the four different pathways to new experiences. Furthermore the position of characters on the four different pathways is used to highlight that anyone can move into a common circumstances in life, a similar experience as they are seen to be walking in the same direction. This shows the audience that people may encounter different situations in life, everyone is different. We are all heading in the same direction but we are all unique and will branch off into different directions. Just as the characters are positioned at different heights people in life may rise in the tree or fall, just as we experience happy moments along with devastating moments. The position of characters also shows that just because someone is above another does not mean that they will experience more things than others as the tree only branches up into the sky. Everyone is involved with the one world as represented by the tree. However that involves different pathways to new experiences through different branches as in the picture the tree doesn’t move off into one branch, it moves into many. The use of body language and choice of costume in the image shows the characters moving towards the tree as their goal. They are wearing business type clothing which may symbolise a desire for opportunity and success. The characters are shown with their arms thrusting forward towards the light at the centre they all strive to achieve. The characters have a wide appearance, a defensive stance. They are prepared for what is in store for them. The effect is of this is to imply that the characters are capable of getting through life’s experiences. The characters in business clothes and standing broadly show the willingness for success, they have a firm grip on life. This links back to the main point that moving into the world, shown by the characters thrusting forward into the tree can experience many opportunities and â€Å"branch off† in a new direction to experience new circumstances. In the poem I Measure Every Grief I Meet, the main character struggles through the pain of grief. She searches for the strength to overcome it. She looks at others throughout the poem to see if they feel the same pain as she does. I wonder if it weighs like mine† this use of the rhetorical question that are involved with ‘moving into the world’, to ask ‘where am I at? ’. The idea of ‘universal suffering’, that everyone feels pain at one point in time. The character approaches it from the personal perspective in questioning whether people are suffering from grief. The pain she feels is eternal , â€Å"I could not tell the Date of Mine†. This shows the audience the experience she has with grief, which, inturn will help her overcome the problem. Relating to the different pathways of life, her grief shows that life can involve many different challenges. We just need the strength to overcome it; this is the pathway to new experiences. The first person nature of the poem by Dickinson allows the poet to involve the audience to be in the main characters thoughts and feelings. The hurt that is within her shown through the opening title â€Å"I measure every grief I meet† she shows what feelings are going to be shown in the poem. The word â€Å"measure† means that she will be analysing the problems, â€Å"grief†, in her life. She shows the extremes a person has when coping with grief with her questions to the audience â€Å"I wonder if it hurts to live†. The use of first person shows the emotion and experiences of the character. This links to moving into the world because the individual moves into situations that bring grief, different pathways include how the character interprets the grief. The character can turn to others; she has the burden of grief that she needs to overcome. What decision is made affects the experiences for the future. The poet uses diction to show the cruelness of what grief can give. The choice of certain words in the poem shows the audience that the character is moving through different types of emotions. Depressing words such as â€Å"narrow, probing† in the second line of the poem show that the poet goes straight to the point. â€Å"narrow, probing† is interpreted as the character moving through a dark narrow passage, probing to find a way out of the grief in the characters life. The transition to soft and happy words in the middle of the poem such as â€Å"smile† and â€Å"Light† show the promise that is at the end of the narrow passage. The â€Å"smile† is the first mention of happiness in the poem, a moment of transition, the â€Å"Light† that will guide the way to the characters happiness. This shows that moving into the world as the character moves into the world, sharing and exploring feelings it has. Once the character moves into the world the character has found the pathway to happiness. In the Story of Tom Brennan by JC Burke, Tom’s story is told where he changes mentally to cope with the tragic accident and consequences of his brother Daniel going to jail. In the novel metaphors are used to reinforce the main change in Tom’s life after his brother is involved with the car accident. On page 76 of the novel as Tom bangs his head against the mirror in frustration for what has happened he says to himself â€Å"Thanks to Fin we thought we’d escaped sudden death. But we were wrong; instead we’d walked into it†. This metaphor symbolises the loss of loved ones, the football game was a sudden death game. The statement â€Å"we’d walked into it† implies that the night wasn’t a win for everyone, they had not escaped sudden death; they had walked right into it metaphorically. This is the point where everything has turned, winning the football game, that all seem to care about, has turned into a new path for Tom Brennan. This is the moment where Tom has to step into the world for himself throughout the story. He needs to choose which path he will take to overcome his frustration and loss. In the novel the use of the non-linear structure and flashbacks present a contrast and juxtaposition to life before and after the accident. The contrast between he past and present in the novel highlights the impact of the car accident on the whole family especially Tom. Each family member has changed since the accident. Juxtapositions are used to show that they have a new identity when Tom has his ‘flashbacks’. For example, Tom’s mother before the car accident is the ‘typical’ loving caring mother but as soon as the accident occurs she moves into the dark, into a shell. Tom moves into the world and starts to spend less time thinking about the past, there are fewer flashbacks towards the end of the novel. Tom is moving on in his life, he is becoming stronger than his family. He looks forward into the world and the different paths that he can take. Rather then dwelling on the past and the ‘road less travelled’. Throughout the novel, symbolism is used to reflect the emotional ride and extremes the family and Tom himself have to overcome due to the accident. ‘The ascent’ is a â€Å"mountain† or hill in the town where Tom lives, this is something that Tom can not climb or overcome, he makes it to the top but he doesn’t do it easily. The hill reflects the feelings and emotion throughout the story as the hill is a steep emotional struggle. Characters in the book note the hill as â€Å"all the way to heaven†, â€Å"a mountain†. The symbolism behind heaven shows the character has to reach the top of his emotional struggle to be truly happy and ‘united with God’. Towards the end of the Novel Tom reaches the top of the ascent â€Å"without even realising†. This shows the natural progress Tom has made throughout the novel to overcome the horrors that have been in his life. He has reached the top of the mountain, the top of his emotional struggle. All he has to do is take the easy run down the slope. Reference to mountains is also used as Tom and Brendan are taking a trip to the tallest mountain in the world, showing that Tom now has the ability to emotionally cope with all struggles in life ready to overcome the large mountain in life, Mount Everest. Burke shows that moving into the world can lead to new experiences through the emotional ride Tom had and overcame. He moves on with his life into new and better experiences. In conclusion the statement moving into the world involves different pathways to new experiences is represented by these three texts through the use of versatile techniques and methods of bringing across a theme or common meaning. The image by Image Zoo expresses the different pathways people can take into the world. This along with the poem I Measure Every Greif I Meet by Emily Dickinson shows the emotional ride people take when moving into the world and experiencing different things. Lastly the author JC Burke show the emotional journey people take as they move on a different path in the novel The Story of Tom Brennan.

Thursday, August 29, 2019

Public Policy & Globalization and Outsourcing Essay

Public Policy & Globalization and Outsourcing - Essay Example The various steps are problem identification, policy formulation, policy adoption, policy implementation and policy evaluation (This Nation, n.d.). The problems that lead to the formulation of public policy are generally identified by spotting the causes and the factors contributing to the problem. This is the first step involved in the process of formulating public policy. This stage looks after various aspects of the problem. It identifies the degree of awareness among the commoners about the problem. This step also considers the various alternatives to reach to the solution of the problem in question (RCIP, 2002) A public policy may be adopted by certain group of people. These groups are the government players such as the courts, the executive branch and the legislative branch. There are various private players also like the citizens of the country and the interest groups (Pearson Education, 2010). The public policies are adopted for the welfare purpose of the citizens. There are various levels where the public policies enact differently. For example, at federal level such policies are levied to control the business units and the industries in a country. Moreover, for the protection of citizens staying in the country and abroad both the public policies are at times enacted distinctly. It also provides an aid to the central government as well as the state governments and the poor people by raising funds through various programs. These kinds of activities are covered by the public policies. They mainly aim at realizing the social goals (Pearson Education, 2010). The American President Barack Obama takes on bringing a change in the situation of benefitting significantly from the outsourcing Indian IT companies, has brought up a new policy. The policy developed has brought into existence a new tax code. According to this new tax code the companies that create employments in

Wednesday, August 28, 2019

Assignment 2Q Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

2Q - Assignment Example The Project Manager must verify these deliverables are those items that have been finished. However, upon the end of implementation phase, closing a project becomes a necessary point. Closing a project requires careful analysis and often misunderstood from a project management standpoint. This paper will discuss some of the project closures that are challenging for project management. In Agile, financial discrepancies can be a huge factor. Often times in a project, expectations are not met that are defined in scope and the WBS. Thus, creating contingency strategies is pivotal towards executing a successful project. One of the most pivotal contingency strategy is to have a high incremental cost of resources. Resources are often less expensive when they are bought in bulk, but expensive if they are purchased incrementally. Hence, it is critical to have software and other resources purchased in bulk to avoid paying extra money. Another key strategy is to have collaborative sessions on a day-to-day basis. Often times the project falls behind because individuals are not aware of unexpected circumstances that can occur. Keeping in track with their progress on day to day basis can be truly helpful in the long run. This become problematic as the project due date comes closer since many smaller tasks may not be captured in the WBS itself. One of the biggest concerns for c losing a project is the end the finer details of the store. This becomes more problematic the project does not achieve optimal results. This is where the project may fall. For instance, The Project Manager should produce confirmation from the Senior User or User Group that the final product or outcome of the project meets the acceptance criteria.   Another fact to be incognizant of are budget discrepancies. Budget discrepancies are one of the most difficult challenges to deal with when closing down a project because PMs

Tuesday, August 27, 2019

Software Development Life Cycle Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Software Development Life Cycle - Essay Example SDLC involves a process that involves phases that some scholars divide into five while some others divide it into seven. The most common elements of SDLC include the system requirement study, which some scholars divide into system investigation and system analysis; designing; development, which some scholars indicate as programming; testing and maintenance. However, some scholars include the element of evolution of the software as a different stage from maintenance. The requirement study element involves the situation in which the organization that needs the software analyzes the needs that it has to perform certain activities efficiently, different from what they had initially. The stage of the SDLC involve the owner organization assessing its capability to use the software it is about to develop by assessing whether it has the financial ability and the software or hardware necessary to utilize the product they intend to make (Peters, 2008). The SDLC element of design involves the p roduction of a blueprint of what the client demanded and which meet the initial product description. This stage of development of software produces a prototype that the developer can work on to increase the qualities and the other aspects. The stage of development or programming is the one at which the developer names conventions in the prototype codes it so that it can be able to meet the requirement of their clients. The element of testing is the stage at which the developer carries out a process of testing the software he or she made, which acts as a verification of the working of the application as the client demanded (Peters, 2008). The stage of maintenance is one in which after the client has approved the software and has started using it, he goes on to determine the parts of the software that may need changes. The process of evolution is where the organization implements changes to the original software because of changes in the policies that existed during the designing time (Peters, 2008). The SDLC requires the involvement of the different specialists who include the Chief Information Officer of the organization who plans and makes budgetary allocation to the project of developing software. The Contracting Officer is the person who administers or terminates a contract as a representative of the organization and Contracting Officer’s Technical Representative who manages the technical aspects of the contract assists him or her. The SDLC requires the Information Technology Investment Board that manages and controls the capital planning and investment in the things related to information in the organization. The Information Systems Security Program Manager is an important role player in the SDLC project because he or she introduces an appropriate, structured methodology to help determine, assess and reduce the cases of information insecurity in the software that is made (Langer, 2012). Information System Security Officer is the individual in the or ganization that plays the role of ensuring the security of information transmitted through the software on the long term. The Program Manager is the individual who oversees all the project of acquisition of the software and ensures that, in its life cycle, it fulfills the requirements that it was designed to

Monday, August 26, 2019

Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Analysis - Essay Example Even when the films are seen the second time around, the element of suspense is still there, and such feelings of anxiety get stirred in the audience because â€Å"the viewers feel suspense for the character rather than fright or shock with the character†2. The addition of familiar elements to the viewers such as using well-known places as the story’s settings â€Å"capture the reality†3 for the audience, making the experience seem possible in real life. In this analysis, an extract from Hitchcock’s suspense movie, Sabotage (Alfred Hitchcock, 1936), also released as A Woman Alone would be used to discuss how the different film elements are utilized to show how suspense works wonders in the film. The extract starts after the first 10 minutes of the film’s beginning. After a power failure that aimed originally to terrorize but rather just surprised the citizens of London, the main characters, as well as the secret lives of Karl Verloc (Oskar Homolka) and Ted Spencer (John Loder) were revealed to the audience4. Spencer’s secret life of working as an agent in Scotland Yard was presented first, which shows that he does surveillance on the cinema that Mr. Verloc operates. Meanwhile, Verloc’s secret life as a member of foreign terrorists was revealed in the later part of the film extract. The suspense presented in this part of the film is the idea that two opposing powers live side by side in the same street, not knowing for sure about the true identities of one another. In order to portray this dilemma to the audience, certain aspects were done in order to show drama and conflicts within and among the characters. The term mise-en-scene describes the â€Å"expressive totality†5 of a particular moment that is shown to the viewers. Before and during the reveal of Spencer’s identity, he was shown to have changed his face from a welcoming face of a fruit vendor to a hard face, which was later followed by the c hanges in his clothing and persona to his true self, as a secret agent. Verloc, on the other hand did not change his clothing, but rather his inner self, from a seemingly-harmless cinema owner to a member of a terrorist group plotting to destroy London. In both scenarios, the lighting added to the strong effects of the reveal to the audience, as well as portraying who was in the side of justice. The added lighting in Spencer’s reveal showed how he was the one in the right side of the law, and the almost lack of lighting in Verloc’s reveal showed how he was in the wrong side of justice. The camerawork and the editing also added to the feeling of suspense in the movie’s extract. In the scenes that seem to be happening in real time, the transitions were abrupt cuts, while the scenes that showed excised time used fade, to imply the passage of time in the extract. The framing of shots also added suspense by the use of close-ups when showing the characters during the times when they have to face a dilemma. By limiting what is visible to the audience, the audience would be more focused on the character even more, as well as his or her â€Å"spatial relationship†6 to the world in the movie. The use of familiar elements such as London scenes in the movie made the movie seem even closer to home. This technique is used by Hitchcock in his movies in order to make the audience anxious because they could â€Å"find resonance†7 in the characters’ anxiety. Also, by not fully revealing the plot but just implying events that may happen

Sunday, August 25, 2019

To what extent does an understanding of the history and development of Essay

To what extent does an understanding of the history and development of business and the nature globalization help in our underst - Essay Example Notably, the founding of the history of business can be accredited to Wallace Don ham (Eibe, 2012). Business education originated since the Second World War and it can be accredited to the United States. Many of the business schools in the United States enrolled business history in their academic programs. Europe has been accredited for producing the first work on the company history. Additionally, in India, business education can be referred back in the 1960s where the Indian institute of management was among the first to implement business history in their curriculum. This study discusses the contributions of business history and emergence of globalization on the way of performing business in the current society. With that in mind, the implication of the understanding of business and globalization will be enlisted. ... In the same regard, understanding of business history helps managers to regain managerial and managerial techniques. As noted, the history of business has been in the limelight for quite a long time, however it is only until recently (late 1990s) that more effective work towards the value of business history was recognized. More importantly, an understanding of the business history helps in the development of the business and the economy especially in formulation of  strategies in the current rapid changing business environment. In 1996, a survey carried out by the management history division of the management Academy established, adoption of business history courses yielded a variety of benefits. Their research, formed as a basis for continued research in the contributions made by business history in today’s business. Indeed, the historical component of business on the following key points. History is an important aspect for understanding of the nature of human and his/her past endeavors, thus giving light on the present as well as future activities in a number of ways. A historical study expounds on the understanding of humanity and key lessons for human ambitions, aspirations as well as organizations. Additionally, history enhances communication skills and the ability to evaluate healthy skepticism and evidences to some opinions and propaganda (Know ells, 2008). It offers business studnts with an exerpt of development of a country economy and international economy, providing insights into the structure of industries as well as, evolution of business strategies (Gibson et al, 1999). Business history broadens business education through the focus on technology, business ethics, the corporate culture as well as government

Motivation in the Workplace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Motivation in the Workplace - Essay Example The university consists mainly of five faculties’ namely engineering, science, humanities, built environment and business school. Deans are at the centres of each of these faculties. The department focused in the case is the engineering department which is composed mainly of the faculties with prior experience in the academics career. Most of the faculties have been in the university for around eight years. Another notable peculiarity of the department is that all the lecturers are males. The department has made notable efforts in creating an industry collaboration and several technology developed by the university has been patented. The protagonist of the case is Anne Henderson who is a notable professional in her industry. Changes in motivational factors are explained with the help of the story of her industrial behaviour and the changes in her career interest. Expansion plans of the university have resulted in them advertising for the post of senior lecturer. The preferred candidate for the post is an expert in the field with good experience in research work, good business contacts and having a willingness to travel. The case ends by referring to the state of mind of Anne Henderson where she comes across the vacancy at Midshires University and makes a call to the university without even looking at the instructions. Anne’s Motivating Factors This case study can be explained in terms of the content and process theories of motivation. For the purpose of the case study, two content and process theories will be considered. â€Å"Content theories explain the specific factors that motivate people. They explain what drives human behavior.† (Ferguson, 2000) Content theories specifically deal with needs and goals of individuals. Therefore, it deals with those factors that motivate individuals. The popular content theories are McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y, ERG Theory, Herzberg’s Motivation-Hygiene Theory and McClelland’s Th eory of Needs. From the content perspective, Herzberg’s Motivation-Hygiene Theory and McClelland’s Need theory will be used to explain Anne’s motivating factors. â€Å"Process Theories deal with the â€Å"process† of motivation and is concerned with â€Å"how† motivation occurs.† (Ozgurzan, 2012) This is unlike the materialistic approach of content theory. Process theories state that any particular motivational behaviour of an individual is the result of an activity on the individual. Some of the popular process theories are Victor Vroom’s Expectancy Theory, Goal Theory and Adam’s Equity Theory. Vroom’s Expectancy Theory and Adam’s Equity Theory will be used here to explain Anne’s motivational situation. Herzberg’s theory of motivation states that an individual’s motivation level is influenced mainly by Hygiene Factors and Motivator Factors. Hygiene factors are those factors that are necessary for having a stable motivational level. The absence of these factors can lead to dissatisfaction of employees. But on the contrary their presence is not a motivator for the employees. Some of the hygiene factors are company policy, wages, supervisory quality, working conditions, job security, etc. Now, Anne’s motivation level can be analysed based on this theory. From the case study it can be seen that Anne was provided with an array of hygiene factors by the company. ?80,000 of annual salary, chauffeur-driven car, flat, pension scheme, credit cards and first class air travels were

Saturday, August 24, 2019

Does any IR theory present a convincing framework for understanding Essay

Does any IR theory present a convincing framework for understanding global governance Why or why not Discuss with reference to - Essay Example The first time that the concept of IR theory as an academic discipline can be traced back to the book ‘the Twenty Years Crisis’ which was published in 1939 and was written by E.H. Carr. The publication of this book, the occurrence of the First World War and the consequent complexities on the international sphere prompted the University of Wales, Aberystwyth to set up a department dedicated to this subject (Burchill, et al., 2005). With the passage of time, conceptual models evolved in an attempt to explain the complex nature of post World War II- world and currently, several theories are present that aim to explain international politics. We now come to the second part of the question which is global governance. The concept itself is an old one but it has re-emerged in recent years by the name of globalization. Global governance refers to interaction of political nature between transnational actors aimed at solving common issues and problems in the absence of a power of enforcement. These issues and problems may be solved by arrangements which may be formal in the form of laws, treaties and constitutions involving governments, IGOs, NGOs, MNCs and civil society or it may be informal in the form of guidelines or coalitions. ... Secondly, the benefits of globalization have to reach all levels of population so that global governance is sustainable. Thirdly, the difference between global governance and world government needs to be established. Global governance does not seek a central power for the system to work where as world government does. Global governance aims to take some power away from the state in order for global institutions to be strong, autonomous and effective. Only then can global economy, politics and culture be transparent. Global governance has several underlying themes such as a global economy, environmental concerns, democratic political legitimacy at all levels, conflict resolution, freedom of scientific, academic and communication modes and maintenance of peace and security. Successful examples have shown that this is only possible through effective interaction between state and non-state actors. While it has its own merits and demerits, global governance is a new chapter in world polit ics and it is worthy of being explained by at least one of the established IR theories. Of the several IR theories that are present, three will be discussed in an attempt to explain global governance in this piece of literature. They are realism, constructivism and liberalism. Realism is one of the pioneer theories of the discipline of international relations. It consists of three main components namely statism, survival and self-help. Statism refers to the belief that only state actors play a major role in world politics and all the rest of the functional elements of a political system are merely pawns. Survival refers to the belief that there the international system is based upon anarchy or